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Autism spectrum disorders

Overview

Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders. The core deficit is in social communication and interaction, difficulty in developing and maintaining relationships, restricted and repetitive pattern of behaviour, interest or activities. The individuals may have coexisting behaviour or mood disorders as well as ADHD, and specific learning disorder (SLD). They may have specific and unique skills like artistic drawing, exceptional mathematical ability or musical geniuses.

The primary cause is unknown. Some factors increase the likelihood of autism:

  • Older parents
  • Siblings with ADHD
  • Down’s syndrome
  • Low birth weight

Some common behaviours observed in autism are: 

  • Minimal social communication and interaction
  • Repetitive behaviours
  • Sleep problems

Diagnosis of Autism spectrum disorder include:

  • Screening for developmental delay
  • Assessment of cognitive abilities
  • Assessment of language abilities
  • Observation

Autism spectrum disorder includes:

  • Medications
  • Behavioural intervention
  • Psychological intervention

Disclaimer:

The information in this Health Library is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional with any questions about a medical condition or before starting any treatment. Use of this site and its content does not establish a doctor–patient relationship. In case of a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or visit the nearest emergency facility immediately.