Autism spectrum disorders Home A-Z Health Information Health Library A-Z Autism Spectrum Disorders Overview Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders. The core deficit is in social communication and interaction, difficulty in developing and maintaining relationships, restricted and repetitive pattern of behaviour, interest or activities. The individuals may have coexisting behaviour or mood disorders as well as ADHD, and specific learning disorder (SLD). They may have specific and unique skills like artistic drawing, exceptional mathematical ability or musical geniuses. Causes and risk factors The primary cause is unknown. Some factors increase the likelihood of autism:Older parentsSiblings with ADHDDown’s syndromeLow birth weight Types Some common behaviours observed in autism are: Minimal social communication and interactionRepetitive behavioursSleep problems Diagnosis Diagnosis of Autism spectrum disorder include:Screening for developmental delayAssessment of cognitive abilitiesAssessment of language abilitiesObservation Treatment Autism spectrum disorder includes:MedicationsBehavioural interventionPsychological intervention