Hip Dislocation Home A-Z Health Information Health Library A-Z Hip Dislocation Overview A dislocated hip occurs when the ball of the hip joint (the femoral head) emerges from its socket (the acetabulum). Dislocations are categorised based on the direction of displacement:Anterior dislocated hip: The femoral head dislocates towards the front of the body. It is less common and usually results from trauma or injury. It can be associated with certain positions or injuries, such as during a car accident or high-impact sports.Posterior dislocated hip: The femoral head dislocates towards the back of the body. This is more common than anterior dislocation and often results from trauma, such as a car accident, fall, or direct impact. It is frequently associated with hip fractures. Symptoms Severe pain in the hip or groin area.Difficulty or inability to move the affected leg.The leg may appear to be positioned abnormally or out of alignment.Swelling and bruising around the hip or groin area.Difficulty in moving the hip joint or leg. Risk factors Trauma, such as car accidents, falls, or high-impact sports.Hip dysplasia, which is an abnormal hip joint by birth.Old age.Sports or activities that involve sudden movements or collisions.Previous hip replacement or other surgeries that might alter joint stability.Bone weakness and conditions like osteoporosis that increase the susceptibility to bone dislocation.Improper use of assistive devices, such as crutches or walkers can increase the risk of hip dislocation. Diagnosis Physical examination to assess the position of the leg, range of motion, and pain level. The healthcare provider will also check for signs of swelling and bruising. Medical history recording to discuss how the injury occurred, previous hip problems, and overall health. Imaging studies:Radiography (X-rays) to confirm the dislocation and check for associated fractures or other injuries.Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the extent of soft tissue damage or to get a more detailed view of the joint and surrounding structures. Treatment Non-surgical treatmentThe primary treatment is to relocate the femoral head back into the acetabulum. This procedure is called ‘reduction’ and is usually performed under anaesthesia.Medications to manage pain and inflammation.Post-reduction careThe hip may be immobilised using a brace or splint to keep it stable during the healing process.Rehabilitation and physical therapy to restore strength, range of motion, and function. This may include exercises and mobility training.Surgical treatmentFor cases where there are associated fractures, severe joint damage, or recurrent dislocations, complex joint revision surgery may be necessary to repair the hip joint or stabilise it.Prompt and appropriate treatment is crucial for a dislocated hip to prevent long-term complications, joint preservation, and to restore normal function.