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Horner’s syndrome

Overview

Horner’s syndrome is a rare type of oculosympathetic nerve palsy wherein the sympathetic nerves that control the eyes and face are damaged.

  • Lesion of the primary neuron
  • Lesion of the postganglionic neuron
  • Trauma to the brachial plexus
  • Brainstem tumour, stroke, syrinx of the preganglionic neuron
  • Carotid artery ischemia
  • Tumours (e.g. Pancoast) or infection of the lung apex
  • Dissecting carotid aneurysm
  • Internal jugular vein catheterization
  • Middle cranial fossa neoplasm
  • Migraine

  • Trauma to the neck or head, or damage to the nerves or carotid artery during birth or surgery
  • Benign or malignant tumours in the lungs, thyroid, hypothalamus, or cervical nerves 
  • Middle ear infections or other infections 
  • Stroke, aneurysm, embolism, or carotid artery dissection
  • Migraines or cluster headaches
  • Family history
  • Multiple sclerosis or other diseases that affect the protective covering of neurons

  • Small sized pupil
  • Eye retraction
  • Drooping of eye lid or elevation of lower eyelid
  • Decreased sweating over side of face affected
  • Pallor of side of face affected

Neurologist

  • Treatment of underlying condition
  • No specific cure

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