Sleep related disorders Home A-Z Health Information Health Library A-Z Sleep Related Disorders Overview Sleep is a vital physiological function crucial for growth, rejuvenation, restoration and overall well-being. Disturbance in sleep can disturb the body’s homeostasis (its natural balance and equilibrium). Sleep-related disorders can either be symptoms of medical and psychiatric conditions or increase the risk of developing such disorders. Causes The causes of sleep deprivation include:Depression or anxietyGeneticsWorking late nightSubstance useSide effects of certain medications Types Common sleep related disorders are as follows:Insomnia: Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleepHypersomnolence: Excessive sleep or persistent feeling of sleepiness.Parasomnia: Unusual or unwanted behaviours and perceptions occurring during sleepNarcolepsy: Episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness and brief involuntary sleep episodesObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA): Repeated temporary interruptions in breathing during sleep, often associated with snoring. Symptoms Symptoms depend on the type, but commonly includeUnable to fall asleepTrouble continuing sleep throughout the nightSnoring or gaspingUnable to move on waking upMood irritabilitySleepiness during daytime Diagnosis Diagnosis is made byPhysical examinationSleep studyBlood testsImaging tests Treatment Sleep disorders are managed byChanging sleep routineMedications (sleeping pills)Light therapyCognitive behavioural therapy.