Lumbar Canal Stenosis Home A-Z Health Information Health Library A-Z Lumbar Canal Stenosis Overview Lumbar canal stenosis is the narrowing of the spinal canal in the lumbar region (lower back) causing compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots. It is caused by age-related degeneration of the spine, disc herniation, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, rheumatoid arthritis, tumours of the spine and spinal cord, and fractures. Symptoms Pain in the lower back with or without radiation to the lower limbs that increases on standing or walking (claudication) and is relieved by resting.Stiffness leads to decreased mobility in the lower back muscles.Weakness in the lower limbs, and bowel and bladder problems in the advanced stage of the disease. Diagnosis Taking a thorough medical history.Palpation of the lower back to identify the impacted region.Tests, such as straight leg raising tests and nerve compression signs.Assessment of movements and neurological examination.X-rays: To assess the disc space, degenerative (wear and tear) changes, fractures, or loss of curvatures.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): To assess the canal size, disc condition, and nerve compression.Nerve conduction velocity and electromyographical studies: To assess the nerve roots and involvement of the muscles. Treatment Non-surgical treatmentNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicationsRestIce pack applicationPhysical therapy to strengthen the core and paraspinal musclesSteroid injectionsSurgical treatmentSpine surgery is usually advised for patients in whom the non-surgical line of management failed and the neurological symptoms worsened.Decompression: This involves surgically releasing the pressure on the affected nerve roots by making small openings in the bone.Decompression and fusion: This involves releasing the compression on the nerve and addressing the bony instability using screws and rods.Spine rehabilitation services are recommended for rapid recovery in patients undergoing surgery.