Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Home A-Z Health Information Health Library A-Z Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Overview Primary ovarian insufficiency arises when the ovaries cease to function properly before the age of 40 years. Causes Genetic factorsAutoimmune diseasesUnknown reasons. Symptoms Hot flashesNight sweatsIrregular menstrual cycleDry eyesVaginal dryness Diagnosis Assessment of symptoms and hormone levels and sometimes genetic testing. Treatment Hormone replacement therapy to manage symptoms and support bone and heart health. Fertility treatments or assisted reproductive technologies may be needed for women who wish to conceive. Emotional support and counselling can help cope with the psychological impact of primary ovarian insufficiency, improving overall well-being. Disclaimer: The information in this Health Library is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional with any questions about a medical condition or before starting any treatment. Use of this site and its content does not establish a doctor–patient relationship. In case of a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or visit the nearest emergency facility immediately.