Utero Vaginal Prolapse Home A-Z Health Information Health Library A-Z Utero Vaginal Prolapse Overview Utero vaginal prolapse is a common age-related condition, wherein the uterus drops down into the vaginal canal due to weakened ligaments and pelvic floor muscles (muscles and tissues in the pelvis that support pelvic organs, such as the uterus, bladder, rectum, and vagina). Generally, it can happen to any woman; however, it commonly occurs in menopausal women and in women who have had more than one vaginal delivery. Generally, utero vaginal prolapse has many stages. In an incomplete uterine prolapse, the uterus may slip partly into the vagina, creating a bulge. In severe cases, i.e., complete prolapse, the uterus may slip so far enough that it comes out of the vagina. Causes The main cause of utero vaginal prolapse is weakened pelvic floor muscles, which can be attributed toChildbirth: Multiple pregnancies and vaginal deliveries can weaken the muscles and tissues of the pelvic floor. Aging: With age, the pelvic muscles may lose strength and elasticity, increasing the risk of prolapse, particularly after menopause.Hormonal changes: A decrease in oestrogen levels during menopause can weaken the pelvic support tissues.Obesity: Excessive weight puts additional pressure on the pelvic floor, thereby contributing to its weakening over time.Chronic coughing or straining: Conditions such as chronic bronchitis or constipation can lead to repeated straining, further weakening the pelvic floor.Genetic predisposition: Some women may be more prone to developing pelvic floor disorders based on their genetic background. Symptoms Mild cases of uterine prolapse may be associated with the absence of any obvious symptoms. However, as the uterus slips farther out, other pelvic organs (bowels or the bladder) might be affected, resulting in one or more of the following symptoms: Feeling of pressure or heaviness: Many women report a sensation of heaviness in the pelvic region, especially towards the end of the day or after prolonged standing.Bulging or protrusion: You may notice or feel a bulge or lump in the vaginal area, which can be more pronounced when straining or during physical activity.Urinary issues: Increased frequency of urination, urgency, or even incontinence can occur as the prolapse affects bladder function.Bowel problems: Difficulty emptying the bowels or a feeling of incomplete bowel evacuation may arise.Discomfort during intercourse: Prolapse can lead to discomfort or pain during sexual activity.Lower back pain: Chronic discomfort or pain in the lower back can sometimes be associated with prolapse. Diagnosis Discussing any symptoms you have been experiencing can help in the detection and subsequent diagnosis of the condition. A few diagnostic strategies include:Pelvic examination: A thorough pelvic exam will help the doctor assess the position of your uterus and other pelvic organs.Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI may be used detect any changes in the position of the uterus.Urodynamic testing: This test assesses how well the bladder and urethra are functioning and may be recommended if urinary symptoms are present. Treatment Lifestyle modifications: Simple changes like weight loss, pelvic floor exercises (e.g., Kegel exercises), and avoiding heavy lifting can help alleviate symptoms.Pessaries: A pessary is a device inserted into the vagina to support the uterus. It is a non-surgical option that many women find helpful.Physical therapy: Pelvic floor physical therapy can strengthen the pelvic muscles and provide relief from symptoms.Medications: If urinary symptoms are present, medications may help manage those symptoms.Surgery: If symptoms are severe or persistent and non-surgical methods are not effective, surgical options may be considered. These can include procedures to support the uterus or remove it altogether (hysterectomy), depending on individual circumstances. When to see a doctor You observe a noticeable bulge or protrusion in the vaginal area.You exhibit symptoms of urinary or bowel dysfunction.You experience discomfort or pain in the pelvic region.You observe any changes in the menstrual pattern or unusual bleeding.